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KMID : 1001320170440040005
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Social Welfare Policy
2017 Volume.44 No. 4 p.5 ~ p.34
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A Longitudinal Study on the Relationship between Welfare Consciousness and Volunteering
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Kim Wook-Jin
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Abstract
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In this study, I investigate the effect of public welfare on private charities, specifically volunteering, from a socio-psychological perspective. To this end, I measure public welfare in terms of welfare consciousness - the citizen’s subjective thinking of social welfare system, including the delivery of social services. Then I analyze the longitudinal effect of welfare consciousness on volunteering. Data come from four waves of the Korea Welfare Panel Data - the 2nd, the 5th, the 8th, and the 11th. With the merged data, I employ a multilevel growth model, specifically generalized linear mixed model with negative binomial logit link function, to estimate time-varying and time-invariant factors, fixed and random effects, and the level-1 and level-2 data simultaneously. Results show that the more favorable toward public welfare, the more negative against volunteering. Specifically, it was found that the more positive for income distribution over economic growth, and the more friendly toward public assistance to the disadvantaged such as the poor, the disabled, and the elderly, and the more acceptable of universal welfare programs such as free education and free child care, the greater people’s level of participation in volunteering. Most importantly, the negative effects worsened over time. Based on the findings, I discuss the negative socio-psychological consequences of crowding out and provide measures to minimize them. I believe that the findings from the study - a study on the accountability and the involvement regarding social welfare - will contribute to broadening our understanding of the public-private relations surrounding social welfare and the supply of social services.
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KEYWORD
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welfare consciousness, volunteering, crowding out, crowding in
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